Acidification and eutrophication

The two environmental problems eutrophication of terrestrial and coastal ecosystem and acidification of soil and water are caused by the same pollutants. Acidification main cause is the airborne deposition of sulphur
Nitrogen compounds such as nitrogen oxides and ammonia are the dominant cause of eutrophication of eutrophication of manu ecosystems on land and at sea which also contribute increasingly to acidification.
The main cause of acidification problem is the airborne deposition of sulphur, nitrogen oxides and ammonia. Harvesting is also of some importance. The most important cause of acidification is sulphur deposition which is in the form of sulphuric acid. Basically sulphur comes from burning coal and oil , during that th sulphur in the fuel is converted into sulpher dioxide. Man-made emission of sulphur in Europe rose sharply from the end of the second world war until the end of the 1970s. Emission from land-based sources in Europe fell by almost 75 per cent - from 53 to 14 million tonnes of sulphur dioxide a year, in between 1980 and 2003. However at the same time emission from international shipping in European waters have nearly doubled, from 1.7 to 3 million tonnes a year.
The main cause of acidification is the atmospheric deposition of nitrogen compounds, which is due to emission of nitrogen oxides and ammonia. During combustion nitrogen oxides are produced. In Europe about half the emissions come from the transport sector and most the rest from combustion plants. A large part of the emission reduction from land-based sources has been offset by rising emissions at sea, in case of nitrogen oxides. Agriculture is the main source of ammonia emissions. During storage and spreading, the amount of ammonia that evaporates depends on how the manure is handled.